Issue 80/2017 – Abstracts
The issue 80/2017 of the WLG is available either as a complete issue (PDF) or as individual contributions (see below).
Editorial
Mi-Cha Flubacher/Christian Bendl
PDF
›Rassismus‹ ohne Rassismus? Ethnoseparatistische Diskurse in sozialen Netzwerken
Bendl, Christian/Spitzmüller, Jürgen
Wenn in den letzten Jahren von Verschärfungen des Tons – oder kulturkritischer: von ›Verrohung‹ – im gesellschaftlichen Diskurs die Rede war, dann war damit zumeist, jedenfalls primär, gesellschaftspolitische Kommunikation im Internet, vor allem in Foren und sozialen Netzwerken, gemeint. Dort, so der Anschein, können sich Menschen hinter dem Schleier von Pseudonymen ›hemmungslos austoben‹ (wie die Kritiker monieren) bzw. ›frei, ohne Einschränkung durch die Hegemonie der politischen Korrektheit ihre Meinung sagen‹ (wie es nicht zuletzt die sich äußernden Personen selbst häufig postulieren).
Was geht in den sozialen Netzwerken tatsächlich vor sich? Findet sich dort tatsächlich eine zunehmende politische Radikalisierung bis hin zu einem neuen Rassismus? Und wenn ja, wie äußert sich dies? Welche spezifischen Ausdrucksformen – von Sprache bis hin zu Bildern und Filmen – werden genutzt? Und sind die
sozialen Netzwerke wirklich (herrschafts-)freie Zonen, die vox populi oder aber ein Hort der ›Unkultur‹? Am Beispiel rezenter
Debatten und auf der Grundlage aktueller Forschungsbefunde zu computervermittelter (politischer) Kommunikation gehen wir in unserem Beitrag diesen Fragen nach.
Schlagwörter: Diskursanalyse, Politolinguistik, Populismus, Neorassismus, soziale Netzwerke, CMC
ÖVP und SPÖ – Parteien der Mitte? Eine framesemantische Diskursanalyse zum (öffentlichen) Sprachgebrauch österreichischer Regierungspolitiker*innen
Kratzert, Christian
The aim of this paper is to examine the language use of the political centre parties in Austria from a theoretical stance by applying frame semantics to discourse analysis. The motivation for this research arises from the current and ongoing phenomenon which is heavily discussed in media on whether the Austrian centre parties are converging to right-wing populism. Hence, the focus lies on public language use of political actors which are members of the present governing parties ÖVP and SPÖ. The data basis is constituted of press interviews and press reports which were published on the online platforms of two well-known Austrian daily newspapers. The data material deals with the discursive frame integrationn in order to expose if the right-wing framing of the centre parties can be proven empirically.
Schlagwörter: Diskursanalyse, Kognitionslinguistik, Frame-Theorie, Frame-Semantik, Politisches Framing
Handlungsfähigkeit zwischen Autonomie und Distribuiertheit. Interaktionale Selbstvertretung als subjektivierende Norm?
Hassemer, Jonas
This article presents a multimodal analysis of an interaction in the context of sheltered housing for persons with disabilities. The analysis is embedded in a discussion of underlying theoretical and methodological assumptions on subject and agency in interaction, employing critical concepts of disability as well as the notion of the post-sovereign subject. The focus lies on the assumption of the subject's autonomy. While emphasizing distributedness of social action in the theoretical and methodological framework, conversation analytical treatment of issues of disability tends to rely on autonomous subjects as a 'natural' backdrop for analysis. This bears the danger of reproducing discourses that mark the disabled simply as deviant and foreclosing a debate on inequality and/or exclusion. The discussion of the data shows that autonomous subjects are to be achieved in interaction, a process through which the norm is reinstated and inequalities are reformulated in terms of deviance from that norm.
Schlagwörter: Dis/Ability, Konversationsanalyse, Interaktion, Multimodalität, Institutionelle Kommunikation, Subjekt, Handlungsfähigkeit
Sprachliches Kapital und ›Integration‹. Bourdieus sprachlicher Markt revisited am Beispiel der österreichischen ›Integrationsbotschafter_innen‹
Lehner, Sabine
Recent integration and language policies in Austria have successfully implemented a neoliberal regime based on ideas of integration-through-effort and integration-through-language (i.e. the knowledge of German). In 2011, the Austrian Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs launched a campaign of the so-called ‘Integrationsbotschafter’ (ambassadors of integration), who are presented as ‘successful’ migrants and role models for other migrants. Drawing on Bourdieu's theory on linguistic market (1980) this paper investigates the online-published profiles of these ambassadors and examines whether and how they refer to their own linguistic repertoires as capital which leads to success in the labour market. As the results of this discourse analysis indicate, German serves as the sole linguistic capital of success, while other linguistic resources are not perceived as valuable capital, rendering them secondary or invisible. The paper shows that this campaign consolidates the neoliberal ideology of integration-through-effort which installs the logical nexus between knowledge of the German language and ‘integration’ as the preferred emancipative narrative, minimizing the capital of non-German language resources.
Schlagwörter: Integration, Bourdieu, sprachliches Kapital, Diskurslinguistik
Audience Design von Subjektiven Krankheitstheorien. Ein Vergleich von Arzt-Patienten-Gesprächen und Laien-Patienten-Gesprächen
Faßl, Sabrina
This article shows how subjective illness theories influence the course of doctor patient communication with some examples. It focuses on the comparison of doctor patient and layman patient communication. Turn-taking in institutional contexts is often influenced by roles, expectations and the conversation purpose. This is important when talking about subjective illness theories. The data material originates from the FWF-project Schmerzdarstellung und Krankheitserzählungen. Patients with years of experience in doctor patient communication adapt their behavior to the institutional context. How do they apply subjective illness theories? How are they represented? How do doctors respond to them? And above all, are there differences between doctor patient and layman patient communication?
Schlagwörter: Subjektive Krankheitstheorien, Adressatenzuschnitt, Audience Design, Recipient Design, institutionelle Kommunikation, Medizinkommunikation